{"id":359,"date":"2013-12-03T20:43:04","date_gmt":"2013-12-03T20:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ancient-world-project.nes.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/?page_id=359"},"modified":"2024-05-28T17:18:48","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T17:18:48","slug":"30-34","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/readings\/30-34\/","title":{"rendered":"#30-34"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\" style=\"background-color:#41652c\"><span class=\"session\">Session 8<\/span>|In the Shadows of the Eastern Super-Powers (II): <br>The Southern Judaean Kingdom<br>#30-34<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-3-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><h3>#30. Introduction <\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Central to this lecture will be the nature of the interaction between the kingdom of Judah and two Mesopotamian (modern-day Iraq) states: <a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/resources\/glossary\/#Assyria\">Assyria<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/resources\/glossary\/#Babylonia\">Babylonia<\/a>. We will see that Judah was able to survive for approximately 150 years longer than its northern neighbor, Israel. Its survival in the face of an Assyrian besiegement of Jerusalem will be of particular interest in the readings included below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-3-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><h3>#31. Jerusalem Map<\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">The staples of life, such as food and water, are necessary for a city to endure besiegement. Jerusalem, unfortunately, only possessed one natural water source, the Gihon Spring, within close distance to the City of David; that is, the most ancient neighborhood in Jerusalem. Locate this spring, the Siloam Pool, and <a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/resources\/glossary\/#Hezekiahs-Tunnel\">Hezekiah&#8217;s Tunnel<\/a> on the map below. Based upon this map, what were the builders of the tunnel seeking to accomplish?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:25%;flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:50%;flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"824\" data-attachment-id=\"1146\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/readings\/30-34\/073_hezekiahs-jerusalem_073\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?fit=1024%2C824&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,824\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?fit=1024%2C824&amp;ssl=1\" data-id=\"1146\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?resize=1024%2C824&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Jerusalem Map\" class=\"wp-image-1146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?resize=300%2C241&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/073_Hezekiahs-Jerusalem_073.jpg?resize=768%2C618&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:25%;flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:25%;flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:50%;flex-basis:50%\">\n<figcaption role=\"textbox\" aria-label=\"Image caption text\" class=\"block-editor-rich-text__editable rich-text\" style=\"min-width: 1px\">Proposed outline of Jerusalem&#8217;s city walls in the days of Hezekiah, ca. 700 BCE<br data-rich-text-line-break=\"true\"><a href=\"http:\/\/johnmeister.com\/BIBLE\/maps\/ALL.html\">http:\/\/johnmeister.com\/BIBLE\/maps\/ALL.html<\/a><\/figcaption>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"--col-width:25%;flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-3-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><h3>#32. Siloam Inscription<\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">One of the longest Hebrew inscriptions of the First Temple period is the Siloam Inscription. This text provides insights into the construction of Hezekiah&#8217;s tunnel. It is translated and studied in the following piece from the Anchor Bible Dictionary written by R. Coote, a biblical scholar and historian. Be sure to note any information about the inscription which sheds light onto the history of Judah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/032a.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Embed of 032a..\"><\/object>\n<br><figcaption>Reading taken from Coote, Robert B. \u201cSiloam Inscription.\u201d In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 6:23-24. New York: Doubleday, 1992. <\/figcaption>\n<a id=\"wp-block-file--media-9e11f02f-6333-43fd-9465-df9071a8d868\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/032a.pdf\">032a<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/032a.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-9e11f02f-6333-43fd-9465-df9071a8d868\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"question\">\n\n<p class=\"question-p\">Question<\/p>\n\n<p>What evidence does Coote reference in support of the notion that the inscription most likely dates to the time of Hezekiah?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-3-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><h3>#33. 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles<\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">The books of 1 and 2 Kings share a common ideology that may be expressed in two points: (1) the exile of Israel and Judah from Israel\/Palestine to the lands of Assyria and Babylonia was the result of breaking a religious pact with YHWH; (2) returning to YHWH and his ways will lead to the return of the exiles to their home land. This perspective is often called &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/resources\/glossary\/#Deuteronomistic\">Deuteronomistic<\/a>&#8221; since it coincides with the worldview found within the book of Deuteronomy, the fifth book of the Bible. 1 and 2 Chronicles (two historical works found in the English Bible just after 1 and 2 Kings) also seek to explain the history of Israel from a religious perspective but present information in divergent ways than the books of 1 and 2 Kings do. For this reading, pay attention to the differences between Kings and Chronicles on the issue of Hezekiah and his rebellion against Sennacherib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/033.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Embed of 033..\"><\/object>\n<br><figcaption>Scripture taken from the Revised Standard Version electronic copy located at the following site: \n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hti.umich.edu\/cgi\/r\/rsv\/rsv-idx?type=DIV1&amp;byte=878799\">http:\/\/www.hti.umich.edu\/cgi\/r\/rsv\/rsv-idx?type=DIV1&amp;byte=878799<\/a> <\/figcaption>\n<a id=\"wp-block-file--media-e7c2d772-f0bc-4151-8bc0-f81fb1917c22\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/033.pdf\">033<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/033.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-e7c2d772-f0bc-4151-8bc0-f81fb1917c22\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"question\">\n\n<p class=\"question-p\">Question<\/p>\n\n<p>Explain the differences in the authorial perspectives on the past expressed in these two documents (support your conclusions with specific verses).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-3-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><h3>#34. William Hallo<\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">William Hallo brings multiple disciplines together in the following reading in order to interpret the Bible in light of the available data concerning the late 8th century in Judah, be it from the study of Akkadian, which was the official language of the Assyrian empire, geology, or epigraphy. The latter is the analysis of written scripts and is based upon the supposition that writing styles changed over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/034.-Hallo-36-50.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Embed of 034. Hallo, 36-50..\"><\/object>\n<br><figcaption> W. Hallo, Jerusalem under Hezekiah: an Assyriological Perspective, pp. 36-50 in Jerusalem, ed. L.I. Levine, New York 1999.<\/figcaption>\n<a id=\"wp-block-file--media-ab927478-be98-4c5e-a7a0-3555e6b736c0\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/034.-Hallo-36-50.pdf\">034. Hallo, 36-50<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/142\/2013\/12\/034.-Hallo-36-50.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-ab927478-be98-4c5e-a7a0-3555e6b736c0\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"question\">\n\n<p class=\"question-p\">Question<\/p>\n\n<p>What does Hallo mean by the notion of Jerusalem&#8217;s inviolability? Do any of the verses in Kings and Chronicles just read <b>[#33]<\/b> convey such a belief about Jerusalem? Support your answer from those two texts.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Session 8|In the Shadows of the Eastern Super-Powers (II): The Southern Judaean Kingdom#30-34 #30. Introduction Central to this lecture will be the nature of the interaction between the kingdom of Judah and two Mesopotamian (modern-day Iraq) states: Assyria and Babylonia. We will see that Judah was able to survive for approximately 150 years longer than&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/readings\/30-34\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">#30-34<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3892,"featured_media":0,"parent":468,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"tw-no-title.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-359","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3892"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=359"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2481,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/359\/revisions\/2481"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}