{"id":371,"date":"2013-12-03T20:43:04","date_gmt":"2013-12-03T20:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ancient-world-project.nes.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/?page_id=371"},"modified":"2024-05-28T17:18:48","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T17:18:48","slug":"54-58","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/israel-palestine\/readings\/54-58\/","title":{"rendered":"#54-58"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Session 15<\/span> | The Later Roman Period \u2013 Political and Social History
#54-58<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

#54. Introduction<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

There were numerous changes within the society in Palestine following the failure of the Great Revolt. From this time until the Byzantine period, the most important and dreadful political endeavor was the 2nd Jewish Revolt, known as the Bar Kokhba Revolt<\/a> (132-135 CE). The catalyst for this rebellion, as well as the effects of its failure, will be central to the content of this lecture. The subsequent readings express various facets of the Bar Kokhba Revolt through the writings of a Roman historian, a Christian historian, and Bar-Kokhba himself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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#55. Bar Kokhba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Authentic letters written by the leader of the Bar Kokhba Revolt, Simeon, the son of Kosiba were discovered approximately 40 years ago in the Judean desert. The rebellion which he lead was characterized by guerilla warfare, where the rebels took refuge in caves throughout the Judean hills and desert. Y. Yadin and his team excavated one such cave near the Dead Sea. It yielded the correspondence of Bar Kokhba, some of which are provided below. This corpus of Hebrew and Aramaic documents was written predominantly on papyrus \u2013 a type of paper made by pressing cut papyrus stalks together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar Kohkba Letter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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TRANSLATION<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n