{"id":978,"date":"2016-06-15T14:09:28","date_gmt":"2016-06-15T14:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neuroepic.mcdb.lsa.umich.edu\/wp\/?page_id=978"},"modified":"2023-04-07T17:47:12","modified_gmt":"2023-04-07T17:47:12","slug":"how-to-make-the-killer-glioblastoma-cookie-recipe-edible","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/how-to-make-the-killer-glioblastoma-cookie-recipe-edible\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Make the Killer Glioblastoma Cookie Recipe Edible"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Sherri Thumma &#8217;20 and Nadine Kridli &#8217;20<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: 39. How to Make the Killer Glioblastoma Cookie Recpie Edible\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/0N1CUN43omi38c010qG9gy?si=a90d9578bc174dd9&#038;utm_source=oembed\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chad Carr, the grandson of a famous University of Michigan football coach, Lloyd Carr, died of a brain tumor at the age of 5. With a bad fall and a suspected concussion, doctors ran a CT scan to discover an inoperable brain tumor called diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). As Carr fought hard, his family virtually made DIPG known internationally: <em>#ChadTough<\/em>. Through this spread of awareness, the University of Michigan Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center was able to be established<sup>1,2<\/sup>. Another case, Senator John McCain, a war hero, a U.S. senator, and a 2008 presidential candidate, died of a brain tumor called glioblastoma (GBM) at the age of 81. A CT scan helped to connect the senator\u2019s inexplicable symptoms of fatigue, brain fog, and double vision. After more than a year of fighting the cancer, he made the decision to stop treatment in 2017. A day later he passed away<sup>3<\/sup>. There is a great chance that you may have heard of either of these people and their tribulations with their horrific diseases. And, despite the fact that DIPGs and GBMs are rare, they both share one commonality: they possess the ability to rapidly progress and debilitate the patient, even in the face of treatment<sup>4<\/sup>. So, what exactly gives these conditions their notorious reputations and what does the future of medicine hold in stopping these diseases in their tracks?<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroepic.mcdb.lsa.umich.edu\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Unknown.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1006\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DIPG and GBM are both forms of brain cancer &#8211; something we all know to be a scary diagnosis to receive. With conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, the prognosis is usually approximately 15 to 16 months. Moreover, GBM patients who live 5 years or more have a survival rate of 10% and those kinds of cases are rare. So, with prognoses with this type of cancer being as bad as it sounds, and with 80,000 people being diagnosed annually with GBM, what is a similarity among all of these patients? Their genome. See, if you think of the genome as a recipe for chocolate chip cookies, it has some minor changes to it depending on the person who makes the chocolate chip cookies, but across the board, overall, it\u2019s pretty much the same. However, people who eat them can tell you that a small change to the recipe can make a world of a difference in regard to taste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What Makes Chocolate Chip Cookies Different from Other Types of Cookies?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As aforementioned, glioblastoma (GBM) is a type of cancer that can be thought of as a chocolate chip cookie. So far, we have discussed this specific cancerous tumor type, but what makes this cancer different from other types of cancers, or other types of cookies?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GBM is localized in the brain, or the control center of the human body. You may be familiar with the idea that the brain is made up of a series of electrical networks, similar to wires. There is a group of cells that specializes in maintenance of these networks called glial cells which are present in all parts of the brain and allow the brain to carry out its typical functions. A GBM is cancer specifically of these glial cells, which means that this type of cancer can spread throughout the brain rapidly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GBMs can begin to develop practically anywhere on the brain. As mentioned in the introduction, Chad Carr had a specific type of brain cancer called a DIPG. This starts out in one region of the brain, but as it progresses to stage four, it acts like a GBM. GBMs are very aggressive, and they can be characterized by a spectrum of symptoms depending on the part of the brain the growth affects. These symptoms can range from mild to very severe, and with the course of the disease progressing over a relatively short period of time, they can manifest quickly. For instance, some of the milder symptoms that result from the tumor are headaches, blurred vision, and nausea. And, some of the more severe symptoms may cause the patient to behave abnormally, as GBMs affect the control center of the body. For some people, this can result in personality changes, speech difficulties, and seizures<sup>5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As you can imagine, a GBM diagnosis can be devastating. Fortunately, researchers have been working to fix this cookie recipe and get GBM patients feeling good again! Read on to understand how, and what the future holds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Changes to the Recipe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adding a little extra sugar or butter to the cookie recipe can make a huge difference in how the cookies taste. In a similar way, a small change in the genome of a patient can have a large effect on how they experience GBM. But, wait, what is a genome? Essentially, it is a recipe that consists of all of our DNA. And, that DNA is a \u2018code\u2019 that helps our body know what needs to be made. There are parts of our genome that make us different, like hair color and eye color, but for the most part, our genomes are the same and encode proteins that are essential to our bodies\u2019 functioning. The genome also has an additional layer to it than just the DNA called the epigenome. This contributes to the taste of the recipe and you can think of this as the proportion of ingredients used to make the cookies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Should I add more Sugar?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The aforementioned ingredient proportions are comparable, for instance, to one aspect of the epigenome called acetyl groups. When <span style=\"color: #333333\">acetyl groups<\/span> are added to a part of the genome, or recipe, the body knows to make more of a specific protein or add more of that ingredient to the recipe.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroepic.mcdb.lsa.umich.edu\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/sugar-shutterstock_615908132-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1005\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, these acetyl groups can be removed from the recipe with something called an HDAC, or histone deacetylase. A deacetylase, as you may have guessed, is something that removes an acetyl group. By removing the acetyl groups, the amount of protein being made decreases. In GBM patients, HDAC levels are very high, which may lead to some problems in the cells. When too many regions of the epigenome are being deacetylated by HDACs, the cell could be left making only a small amount of the necessary proteins that need to be made. Or, in other words, the chocolate chip cookies would taste bitter due to a lack of sugar being added.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, when we have too many acetyl groups removed (i.e. too many HDACs present), chemotherapy and radiation have trouble targeting the genome, making them less effective. When acetyl groups are removed from the epigenome, the genome, or genetic code, curls up really tight and becomes difficult to target. These therapies work to attack the genome in its uncurled, open state, but when it is coiled tightly, it is harder to attack the cancerous cells, allowing them to survive and grow. This means that chemotherapy and radiation usually look for the recipe sheet to shred once the cookies have gone bad, but now that the recipe is crumpled, they have trouble being able to do this. And, this leads to problems in the efficacy of such treatments in GBM patients, such as chemotherapy and radiation, which have trouble actually targeting the genome<sup>6<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Potential Solutions to the Sugar Problem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In order to increase the efficacy of these standard therapeutic interventions, research is investigating ways to target these HDACs, leaving the genome open to be targeted in cancerous cells. This can be done with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). By inhibiting the HDACs with HDACis, the genome will remain open because there will be more acetyl groups in the epigenome. This allows the chemotherapy and radiation to kill the cancer cells and, ultimately, shrink the tumors<sup>6<\/sup>. In other words, the sheet with the bad recipe will be readily available for the shredder, and the bad cookies will no longer be made.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a 2019 study, two HDACi forms were discovered to have the potential to be devised as treatments for GBM patients. There were several types of HDACis tested, but only two forms were able to specifically be active in the cancerous glial cells, leaving the healthy glial cells unharmed in the brain<sup>7<\/sup>. As mentioned earlier, glial cells help to ensure the functioning of networks in the brain, so it is important that the healthy glial cells survive when treating the tumor of a GBM patient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Maybe we need a Little more Butter&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One way we can decrease the amount of a cancer-promoting protein is by adding methyl groups to the epigenome. Methyl groups serve the opposite function of acetyl groups: they decrease the amount of protein being made.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One ingredient, or protein, that is crucial in determining the response of brain cancer cells to treatment is known as MGMT. This protein is used to fix the genome when it is damaged, something that occurs more often than you would expect. Exposure to the sun or getting an X-ray can harm the genome. In a healthy patient, it makes sense that we would want a lot of this protein, as it would help to minimize the damage to their genome. However, if the MGMT protein is present in cancer cells, then the cells are able to repair its damage from the chemotherapy and radiation. The purpose of these therapeutic interventions is to target the genome of cancerous cells so that they die, but when MGMT is present at high levels, the cells cannot die, and the tumors survive to grow and proliferate<sup>6<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroepic.mcdb.lsa.umich.edu\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Screen-Shot-2020-04-23-at-2.06.44-AM-235x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1003\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, not all GBM patients are alike, as different patients will have different amounts of MGMT in their cells. Those with MGMT will respond better to treatments, as suggested by the previous paragraph, and have an average survival time of 21.7 months<sup>6<\/sup>. And, those with more MGMT, or less methyl groups, have an average survival time of 12.7 months<sup>8<\/sup>. This goes to show that there are differences even among GBM patients that can lead to varying prognoses. With a few more methyl groups, or more butter we may be able to get our cookie recipe back in shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Potential Solution to the Butter Problem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To fix a cookie without enough butter, we can add more. Similarly, to help patients with less methyl groups in the region of their genome encoding the MGMT protein to be more targetable for treatments, we can add more methyl groups. This can be done with something called a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), which adds methyl groups in the epigenome. In a 2018 study, it was suggested that the combination of a DNMT with chemotherapy may yield better outcomes for GBM patients than just chemotherapy alone<sup>8<\/sup>. This means that we are adding more butter to our recipe to get another step closer to the perfect chewy cookie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Fix to Yield the \u2018Perfect\u2019 Recipe?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The use of treatments such as HDACis and DNMTs alongside traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation reveal promising results for GBM patients. This is because genomes and epigenomes of GBM patients are not all the same. One study stated that a database called the <em>Cancer Genome Atlas<\/em> has been looking at the varying numbers of methyl groups and acetyl groups in GBM patients to look for subtypes of glioblastoma patients<sup>6<\/sup>. In doing so, we can address each patient individually to ensure that the best possible therapeutic interventions are being implemented for them, given the state of their genome. This is a vastly increasing field of medicine that you may have heard of, known as precision medicine. In other words, bakers will tinker with each recipe until the perfect cookie has been baked!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Links for Further Reading &amp; Videos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Video about how cancer immunotherapy works:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How CAR T-Cell Therapy Works: An Animation for Kids\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9nG6sbF5xrU?start=66&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Video about Getting My Life Back After Glioblastoma &#8211; Carol&#8217;s Immunotherapy Story:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Getting My Life Back After Glioblastoma: Carol&#039;s Immunotherapy Story\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eE2pWLu4-As?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Immunotherapy in Treatment of Brain Cancer and Autoimmune Disease:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/news-events\/cancer-currents-blog\/2019\/immunotherapy-cancer-autoimmune-diseases-clinical-trial\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vloet, Katie. \u201cChadTough: One Boy&#8217;s Legacy of Hope.\u201d ChadTough: One Boy&#8217;s Legacy of Hope | Medicine at Michigan, 2017, www.medicineatmichigan.org\/development-news\/2017\/fall\/chadtough-one-boy%E2%80%99s-legacy-hope.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cPaving the Way to Cures.\u201d Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center, 14 Feb. 2020, medicine.umich.edu\/dept\/pediatric-brain-tumor\/paving-way-cures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LeBlanc, Paul. \u201cJohn McCain&#8217;s Cancer: What Is Glioblastoma?\u201d CNN Health, Cable News Network, 26 Aug. 2018, 8:50 PM, www.cnn.com\/2017\/07\/20\/health\/what-is-glioblastoma-john-mccain-brain-tumor\/index.html.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cGliomas.\u201d Johns Hopkins Medicine, www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/gliomas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cGlioma.\u201d Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 9 Aug. 2019, www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/glioblastoma\/cdc-20350148.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lee, Dong Hoon et al. \u201cAdvances in epigenetic glioblastoma therapy.\u201d Oncotarget vol. 8,11 (2017): 18577-18589. doi:10.18632\/oncotarget.14612<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Was, H., Krol, S.K., Rotili, D. et al. Histone deacetylase inhibitors exert anti-tumor effects on human adherent and stem-like glioma cells. Clin Epigenet 11, 11 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13148-018-0598-5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Romani, Massimo et al. \u201cEpigenetic Targeting of Glioblastoma.\u201d Frontiers in oncology vol. 8 448. 16 Oct. 2018, doi:10.3389\/fonc.2018.00448<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cGlioblastoma.\u201d MD Anderson Cancer Center, www.mdanderson.org\/cancer-types\/glioblastoma.html.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Han, Seunggu. \u201cWhat Is Glioblastoma?\u201d Healthline, 17 May 2017, www.healthline.com\/health\/brain-tumor\/glioblastoma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dunn, Jennifer, and Sudha Rao. \u201cEpigenetics and Immunotherapy: The Current State of Play.\u201d Molecular Immunology, vol. 87, 26 Dec. 2016, pp. 227\u2013239., doi:10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.04.012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etcheverry, A., Aubry, M., de Tayrac, M. et al. DNA methylation in glioblastoma: impact on gene expression and clinical outcome. BMC Genomics 11, 701 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2164-11-701<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Image Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BOGObiology. 11 October, 2017. Epigenetics: Nature vs. Nurture. [Video File]. https:\/\/youtu.be\/Q8BMP6HDIco<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Butter &#8211; Eats&amp;Arts Food Photography, www.eats-arts.com\/index.php\/butter.html.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Payam, Izadpanahi, et al. \u201cGlioblastoma and the Significance of MGMT Gene Methylation.\u201d Semantic Scholar, 2014, www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Glioblastoma-and-the-significance-of-MGMT-gene-Payam-Kazem\/eb20bdc5c55ce00cac9d8b3b64e67c4a6b5119fb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rabideau, Camryn. \u201cEver Wonder How Sugar Is Made? Here&#8217;s Your Answer.\u201d Taste of Home, 27 Nov. 2019, www.tasteofhome.com\/article\/how-is-sugar-made\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sunsky, www.sunsky-online.com\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Urry, et al. \u201cChapter 15 &#8211; Regulation of Gene Expression.\u201d Campbell Biology in Focus, edited by Cain, Pearson Education, Inc., 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zhou, Alvin. \u201cThe Best Chewy Chocolate Chip Cookies Recipe.\u201d Tasty.co, Tasty, 27 July 2017, tasty.co\/recipe\/the-best-chewy-chocolate-chip-cookies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Podcast Media Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cESPN ChadTough.\u201d YouTube, The ChadTough Foundation, 14 Mar. 2019, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qqzR6lPgZEA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cGlioblastoma: Working to Turn the Tide on This Deadly Brain Cancer.\u201d YouTube, Michigan Medicine, 21 Jan. 2020, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=j9F3QZn9pno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSen. John McCain Diagnosis: What Is Glioblastoma?\u201d YouTube, Fox Business, 20 July 2017, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=smMJ-74ZYZ0&amp;t=11s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-49496290 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sherri Thumma &#8217;20 and Nadine Kridli &#8217;20 Chad Carr, the grandson of a famous University of Michigan football coach, Lloyd Carr, died of a brain tumor at the age of 5. With a bad fall and a suspected concussion, doctors ran a CT scan to discover an inoperable brain tumor called diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/how-to-make-the-killer-glioblastoma-cookie-recipe-edible\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">How to Make the Killer Glioblastoma Cookie Recipe Edible<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":1932,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-978","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/47"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=978"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/978\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2728,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/978\/revisions\/2728"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lsa.umich.edu\/neuroepic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}