Madeline Cha
Research Mentor(s): Yuji Mishina
Mentor Department: Biological and Material Sciences
Authors: Madeline Cha, Susannah Midla, Maiko Omi-Sugihara, Coral Chen, Rafael Correia Cavalcante, Haichun Pan, Yuji Mishina, Hiroki Ueharu
Session: Session 5 (2:00pm – 2:50pm)
Presentation Type: Poster 21
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are well-established regulators of bone formation, playing a critical role in processes like endochondral ossification. However, their specific influence on the development of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has not been extensively explored. The TMJ is a highly specialized joint that enables smooth jaw movements while absorbing pressure between the jawbone and skull. Unique in its function, the TMJ allows for both hinge and sliding motions, making it one of the most complex joints in the body. This study aims to investigate how enhanced BMP signaling in cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) influences the postnatal development of the TMJ, with a particular focus on cartilage growth in the mandibular condyle. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to assess changes in cartilage length in the mandibular condyles of Wnt1-Cre;caBmpr1a mice, aiming to quantify the effects of enhanced BMP signaling on cartilage growth and development. Results revealed a significant reduction in cartilage length prior to weaning (P17). However, at later time points post weaning (P28 and P42), the mandibular condylar cartilage length showed recovery. These changes in cartilage growth were accompanied by alterations in cell death patterns within the superficial zone of the mandibular condyle. These observations suggest that BMP signaling plays a crucial role in regulating chondrocyte survival and influences cartilage development in a time-point specific manner. The findings provide new insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms governing the growth and maturation of the TMJ.
