Interdisciplinary – Page 27 – UROP Spring Symposium 2021

Interdisciplinary

SIMPL User Engagement

This study aims to assess the impact of sending a list of the 5 most active faculty and residents to programs on the program’s engagement with a trainee operative performance assessment mobile application known as SIMPL. SIMPL is a mobile app that allows trainees to request evaluations of their operative performance and also supports supervising attendings submitting evaluations independent of the trainee. Because the evaluation process is dependent on a person going into SIMPL and submitting the evaluation, engagement with the application has been historically low. General surgery programs were randomly assigned to two cohorts of the intervention arm of the study. The A cohort were sent their top 5 list weekly and the other B cohort recieved it bi-weekly. Each program was emailed a slide of the top 5 faculty & resident users for the designated time period according to the cohort to which the program has been assigned. Faculty and trainee engagement data were recorded for the designated time period and will be used to create the “top 5” slides. A third cohort, Cohort C, where no action was taken was identified and engagement data tracked. An analysis of the engagement data among the three cohorts will be conducted to determine what if any impact sending a leadership board has on user engagement with the SIMPL application. If engagement was improved by sending a leadership board, an effort to automate the manual task of sending a leadership board will begin. This information can also be helpful to improve engagement with other medical education applications.

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SIMPL User Engagement

SIMPL User Engagement This study aims to assess the impact of sending a list of the 5 most active faculty and residents to programs on the program’s engagement with a trainee operative performance assessment mobile application known as SIMPL. SIMPL is a mobile app that allows trainees to request evaluations of their operative performance and also supports supervising attendings submitting evaluations independent of the trainee. Because the evaluation process is dependent on a person going into SIMPL and submitting the evaluation, engagement with the application has been historically low. General surgery programs were randomly assigned to two cohorts of the intervention arm of the study. The A cohort were sent their top 5 list weekly and the other B cohort recieved it bi-weekly. Each program was emailed a slide of the top 5 faculty & resident users for the designated time period according to the cohort to which the program has been assigned. Faculty and trainee engagement data were recorded for the designated time period and will be used to create the “top 5” slides. A third cohort, Cohort C, where no action was taken was identified and engagement data tracked. An analysis of the engagement data among the three cohorts will be conducted to determine what if any impact sending a leadership board has on user engagement with the SIMPL application. If engagement was improved by sending a leadership board, an effort to automate the manual task of sending a leadership board will begin. This information can also be helpful to improve engagement with other medical education applications.

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RNA Sequencing Analysis of the Early Response to Retinal Ishemia-Reperfusion Injury

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury causes damage is caused when a tissue is deprived of blood flow blood (ischemia) followed by a sudden reflux of blood into the tissue (reperfusion). This injury can occur in the retina and contribute to several different issues in the eye, such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. In order to get a better understanding of this injury, we used a retinal IR model in C57BL/6 mice where ischemia is caused by injecting saline to raise pressure in the eye, thus shutting off blood flow. Reperfusion naturally occurs when the injection is halted. The design of this study was to use RNA sequencing to examine retinal transcriptome at different points in time following the injury. This report focuses on deferentially expressed genes (DEG) identified by comparing sham treated (control) and IR injured retinas at two early time points, specifically 6 hours and 1 day after reperfusion. iPathwayGuide was used to perform bioinformatics analyses, including KEGG pathway identification, for the sets of DEG identified. The RNA sequencing and analysis identified 4358 DEG at 6 hours and 6664 DEG at 1 day. Cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions were identified as the most significant KEGG pathway for DEG sets at both 6 hours and 1 day. Direct comparison of 6-hour and 1-day transcriptomes showed that cytokine mRNAs were particularly upregulated at 6 hours, while mRNAs for their receptors were more upregulated after 1 day. This suggests a rapid and robust chemoattraction of leukocytes from blood into the retina in response to IR injury. DEG corresponding to additional markers for leukocyte subsets were examined to indicate if these cells had actually entered the retina by 1 day after injury. The results provide an insight into the inflammatory response to retinal IR injury, including the chemokines that may be responsible for the attraction and retinal infiltration of immune cells into the injured retina.

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Fostering trust in state authorities during COVID-19 pandemic

Brooke Beccari Pronouns: She/her/hers Research Mentor(s): Elisa Maria Maffioli, Assistant Professor Research Mentor School/College/Department: Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health Presentation Date: Thursday, April 22, 2021 Session: Session 4 (2pm-2:50pm) Breakout Room: Room 13 Presenter: 2 Event Link Abstract For privacy concerns this abstract cannot be published at this time. Authors: Elisa Maffioli,

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The Effect of Chinese-English Bilingualism on English Literacy Development

The current study examines the impacts Chinese bilingualism has on children’s English literacy development. Chinese-English bilingual and English monolingual children ages 5-13 were assessed with standardized language tasks aimed at reading comprehension and syntactic abilities in both English and Chinese. A total of 27 Chinese-English bilingual children and 27 English monolingual children participated in our study. The Chinese-English bilingual children were administered in both English and Chinese while the English monolingual children were administered in English. Families of Chinese-English bilingual children received a $30 gift card and English monolingual children received a $15 gift card; a parent report was sent to each family regarding their children’s performance on the tasks. We hypothesized that Chinese-English bilingual children would perform better on morphological awareness tasks than English monolingual children. The findings of our research might inform theories of bilingualism and literacy instruction practices on linguistically diverse children. There was a stronger correlation between morphological awareness and reading comprehension, proving that cross-language transfer impacts children in literacy development. Chinese-English bilingual children didn’t demonstrate any deficits compared to monolinguals when learning two languages.

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Effects of Chinese-English Bilingualism on English literacy development

Words in a language are generally represented by sound, meaning, and print. Learning to read words often involves building interconnections among the three components. Thus, sound and meaning-based language skills become essential precursors of children’s word reading competency. In particular, phonological awareness, or the ability to break down words and distinguish them into smaller units of sounds, morpheme, is a critical skill and foundation for later literacy development. Morphological components refer to the words created from sounds; it’s the system for word construction. Morphological awareness is especially important for word reading and comprehension skills. Languages like Spanish or English are phonologically transparent because they map letters directly to individual phonemes. In comparison, Chinese is a morphologically transparent language that maps characters to meaning units, morphemes. This study aimed to examine whether being bilingual in Chinese and English would affect children’s morphological awareness when reading in English due to bilingual transfer. We hypothesized that bilingual children may show a strong sound-to-meaning association compared to monolingual children. Standardized language behavioral tasks were conducted to bilingual and monolingual children between age 5 to 10 to assess their reading comprehension and syntactic abilities in both English and Chinese. The findings of this research might indicate that bilingualism experience alters how bilingual children learn to read compared to monolingual children, despite the fact that some bilinguals are equally proficient in both languages. Findings might also inform theories of bilingualism and literacy instruction practices on linguistically diverse children.

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Transnational Italian Studies

Nicholas Provenzano Pronouns: He/Him/His Research Mentor(s): Giulia Riccò, Assistant Professor Research Mentor School/College/Department: Romance Languages and Literatures, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts Presentation Date: Thursday, April 22, 2021 Session: Session 3 (1pm-1:50pm) Breakout Room: Room 9 Presenter: 6 Event Link Abstract For privacy concerns this abstract cannot be published at this time. Authors:

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Sexual Scripts and Casual Sex

My project studies casual sex as it relates to many things, among them, orgasm, gender, and sexual scripts. Women and men learn sexual scripts from media and from prior experience. They enact sexual scripts according to the type of sexual situation they are in. Casual sex situations have their own sets of scripts and norms, including norms about which partner is likely to orgasm and the types of sexual activities the partners engage in. Different scripts may lead to different outcomes of the sexual encounter, such as greater regret, more perceived stigmatization, or more sexual satisfaction. In this study, we use an online survey to investigate people’s experiences with casual sex. We report on patterns found among different sexual scripts.

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Oral Scripture in Early Judaism and Islam

In helping my mentor research for her manuscript, I have explored how the medium of oral scripture shaped Jewish religious practice in Late Antiquity. To provide a comparative lens to this research, I examined how the formation of the Qur’an and the practice of ?if? differed from ancient Jewish practice, using secondary sources available online. It seems that Muslims embraced oral scripture from the beginning, but for different reasons than in Rabbinic Judaism.

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Behind “To Make The Slave Anew”: The Editing Process and The Unpacking of Art in the Antebellum South

The Antebellum South was a place riddled with change but also so many who wanted to hold onto the past they believed themselves the preservers of. White Southerners took their job of preservation, especially of the slave and plantation culture, extremely seriously and their were several avenues of preservation ranging from full traveling choirs to full on changes in the functioning of everyday life for African Americans. In working with Dr.Young this semester on his book, I have learned so much about these representations and the part that interested me the most was the art and this depiction of the plantation south. What was included and excluded and what symbolism did that hold? Who wanted these pieces in their homes and how did this impact the progression of African Americans. My presentation will address these questions and many others as we dive into Dr.Young’s writing and unpack these questions as well as discuss the process of getting to work on such a project.

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