Jerusalem: Holiness Between Cross and Crescent

It is now time for us to take a closer look at the city which has received adoration from the followers of the three major monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Indeed, in no other place can one see so vividly the convergence of these three faiths. Let’s catch up with Eliav as he visits Al-Quds (the Islamic name for Jerusalem, meaning “The Holy”) and retraces the steps of the mighty Caliph Omar (cf. Map).

Question

How did Islam both absorb Jerusalem into its faith and leave its own mark on this ancient town?