Isabella Park
Research Mentor: Hsiao Hsin Sung
Mentor Department: UMSOD, Dentistry
Author(s): Isabella Park, Khadeja Rizvi, Zayan Tariq, Parker Ng, Alison Lock, Pranaya Sripathi, Alex Stryk, Ali Abdo, Hsiao Hsin Sung
Session: Session 3 (11:00 AM – 11:50 AM)
Presentation Type: Poster 36
Abstract
Tooth extraction is among the most frequently performed procedures in academic dental institutions, ranging from simple extractions to complex surgical and impacted-tooth extractions. Because dental schools function as both safety-net providers and training sites, understanding extraction patterns by patient demographics, procedure complexity, provider type, and department can inform clinic operations and educational case allocation. We characterized extraction care patterns and related geographic and financial features in a large academic dental institution. A retrospective observational study (2020–2025) was conducted at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry (IRB: HUM00276846) using de-identified EHR data aggregated at the procedure level. Extractions were categorized by CDT codes (D7140, D7210, D7230, D7240, D7250). Descriptive statistics summarized case mix and payments. Associations were evaluated with chi-square tests and t-tests/ANOVA; regression models assessed factors related to procedure type, antibiotic prescribing, and postoperative visits (a = 0.05). A total of 90,801 extraction procedures were performed in 23,988 patients. Routine extractions predominated (74.4%), followed by surgical extractions (15.3%) and impacted extractions (10.3%) (p < 0.001). Procedure type varied strongly by age (p < 0.001): impacted extractions were concentrated in patients <40 years (83.5%) and peaked at ages 20–29 (p < 0.001). Overall procedure volume was similar by gender (p = 0.21), but females had higher odds of impacted extractions (p < 0.001), whereas males had higher odds of surgical extractions (OR = 1.17; p < 0.001). Third molars accounted for the highest extraction counts, with mandibular third molars showing higher impacted proportions than maxillary third molars (p < 0.001). Procedure complexity differed by provider type and department (both p < 0.001); residents performed most impacted cases, and Oral Surgery delivered 63.6% of all extractions and 94.6% of impacted extractions (p < 0.001). Antibiotics were prescribed in 2.7% of procedures and varied by procedure type and provider type (both p < 0.001), while postoperative visits were uncommon (0.39%) but highest after completely bony impactions (p < 0.001). The mean total payment was $112.20 and varied by procedure type (p < 0.001); older age was associated with higher out-of-pocket payments and lower insurance payments (both p < 0.001). Travel distance differed by provider type (p < 0.001) but was not associated with antibiotic prescribing or postoperative visits (p > 0.05). Extraction care in this academic setting followed distinct demographic, procedural, and training-related patterns, establishing a baseline to support operational planning, targeted stewardship efforts, and competency-based case distribution for dental student and resident education.
